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Integrity risks for international businesses in Pakistan

Corruption remains a major obstacle to companies operating in Pakistan, along with macro-economic uncertainty and lingering security risks. While companies are likely to encounter corruption across all sectors, certain industries and firm profiles are more at risk. Collusive contracting and kickbacks remain widespread in the energy and infrastructure sectors, while industries driven by fast-moving consumer durables, such as telecommunications, seem to be becoming more resistant to such practices. Larger firms are generally less vulnerable to coercive corruption, and the positive effects of foreign bribery laws can be gradually felt as local firms become increasingly sensitive to the compliance requirements of foreign companies.

19 December 2018
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Integrity risks for international businesses in Pakistan

Main points

  • Pakistan is a sizeable trading partner for the United Kingdom, and offers opportunities for investment in infrastructure, telecommunications, natural resources and textiles.
  • Firms view corruption as the most significant obstacle to business in the country, ahead of macro-economic uncertainty and lingering security concerns.
  • Key areas of integrity risks include public procurement, political exposure, bureaucratic corruption and fraud.
  • The forms of integrity risks vary significantly by firm profile, sector and the extent of interaction with government. Larger firms are generally less vulnerable to coercive corruption.

Cite this publication


Jenkins, M. (2018) Integrity risks for international businesses in Pakistan. Bergen: U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre, Chr. Michelsen Institute (U4 Helpdesk Answer 2018:19)

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About the author

Matt Jenkins is a Research and Knowledge Manager at Transparency International, where he runs the Anti-Corruption Helpdesk, an on-demand bespoke research service for civil society activists and development practitioners. Jenkins specialises in anti-corruption evaluations and evidence reviews, he has produced studies for the OECD and the GIZ, and has worked at the European Commission and think tanks in Berlin and Hyderabad.

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All views in this text are the author(s)’, and may differ from the U4 partner agencies’ policies.

This work is licenced under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

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